231 Correlation Analysis of Basic Research and Technological Innovation in Synthetic Biology Hot! Zhang Xue, Zhang Zhiqiang, Chen Xiujuan, Guo Chen DOI: 10.3772/j.issn.1000-0135.2020.03.001 This study discusses the relationship between basic research and technological innovation in the field of synthetic biology based on a cross-reference analysis of papers and patents, provides suggestions for improving the ability of basic research and technological innovations in this field, and supports the integration strategy of scientific and technological resources. Academic papers and patents are used as the substitute indicators of basic research and technological innovation. A total of 9033 papers and 5233 patents collected from the Web of Science and United States patent and trademark office are used as the research object. In order to comprehensively analyze the relationship between basic research and technological innovation in the field of synthetic biology, we analyze patent and paper citations from four perspectives: the overall distribution of citations, scientific and technical linkage, the time lag of citations, and the cycle time; and we analyze the topic distribution from the paper-patent mixed citation. Approximately 97% of technological innovations in the field of synthetic biology around the globe have cited the theoretical results of basic research, while only 4% of basic research have cited the technological innovations. The overall fluctuation of the science linkage is not volatile, but the technology linkage has not exhibited a stable trend. The science linkage and technology linkage of the United States are better than those of other countries, while that of China is relatively backward. The patents are more likely to cite other patents with a time lag of less than 15 years and papers with a time lag of less than 13 years. The papers are more likely to cite patents with a time lag of less than 6 years and papers with a time lag of less than 6 years. The technical cycle and scientific cycle of a patent are 13.92 and 12.28 years, respectively, while those of a paper are 10.85 and 6.99 years, respectively. Basic research in the field of synthetic biology shows a development trend similar to that of technological innovations; for example, both focus on the synthesis of genes and genomes, gene editing, and other aspects of research, while the basic research focuses on more areas and fields. Therefore, in the future, strengthening the application of technological innovation results in basic research and promoting the output of new technological innovation results are necessary. Accelerating the speed of transformation from basic research as well as previous technological innovations and citing the highly innovative results of basic research and technological innovations are vital for promoting innovation. 2020 Vol. 39 (3): 231-242 [Abstract] ( 299 ) HTML (127 KB)  PDF (3877 KB)  ( 583 )

243 Analysis of the Characteristic Factors and the Evolution of the High Altmetrics Score Papers in 2013-2018 Hot! Ou Guiyan, Ma Tingcan, Li Ruinan, He Xueyao, Yue Mingliang DOI: 10.3772/j.issn.1000-0135.2020.03.002 As a measure of new influence, the advent of Altmetrics has led to extensive discussions in the field of scientific evaluation. Studying the characteristic factors and the evolution of high Altmetrics score papers can be a reference for the rational use of Altmetrics indicators, and the development and improvement of Altmetrics measurement methods. Therefore, this paper selects the Altmetric Top 100 papers as a research sample and compares the time distribution of the high Altmetrics score papers in 2013—2018, the distribution of journals, the distribution of research fields, and the evolution of multi-source index contributions. The results show that the network attention of high Altmetrics score papers has increased substantially every year; it has been published in ten high-impact journals such as Nature, Science and PNAS, and distributed in eight research areas including medical health science and biological science. Among the multiple Altmetrics metrics, News, Blogs, and Twitter show significant advantages. 2020 Vol. 39 (3): 243-252 [Abstract] ( 192 ) HTML (112 KB)  PDF (1250 KB)  ( 651 )

253 A Method of Keywords Association Analysis of Scientific Papers Based on Super-network Hot! Wu Lei, Liang Xiaohe, Song Hongyan DOI: 10.3772/j.issn.1000-0135.2020.03.003 Keywords in scientific papers present attributes of multiple types and multiple relationships. They can be modeled by a super-network with multiple levels and multiple edges. In this paper, there are 4 layers of research object keywords, experimental variety keywords, research purpose keywords, and technical method keywords. Subsequently, the super-network is applied to scientific papers of “regulation of reproductive cells and stem cells in agricultural animals.” The super-network model not only reveals the homogeneous association of a single layer, but also exhibits the hidden heterogeneous associations among multiple layers. As a result, common technical methods, experimental varieties, research objects, and research purposes in the field have been found. At the same time, technical blank spots and application blank spots of technology in the field have also been found, which are likely to be the focus of future research. 2020 Vol. 39 (3): 253-258 [Abstract] ( 195 ) HTML (61 KB)  PDF (3552 KB)  ( 595 )

259 Citation Diffusion in the Networks of Scientific Publications: A Case Study on the 2011 Nobel Chemistry Prizewinning Paper Hot! Min Chao, Zhang Shuai, Sun Jianjun DOI: 10.3772/j.issn.1000-0135.2020.03.004 Scientific knowledge diffuses via citation relationships, objectively recording the trajectory of the development and evolution of science. Due to the inextricable connections in scientific knowledge, an isolated view of the impacts and values of scientific knowledge often leads to one-sided perceptions. In this paper, we observe the outputs of scientific knowledge from the perspective of connections. We try to construct the diffusion networks of individual publications through bibliographic relationships such as citing, coupling, and being cited and co-cited, and to examine the literature-embedding network s concepts, measurements, and role in citation diffusion. The case study suggests that the codification of scientific knowledge accompanies the development of its network, and, at the same time, is influenced by the network. Scientific knowledge diffuses from domestic domains to peripheral domains as time goes on. Citing publications could reveal valuable information about the target publication that is not explicitly recorded. The four types of bibliographic relationships may frequently overlap, causing the significant characteristics of “stickiness” and “small world” in citation diffusion. Our quantification of the diffusion networks provides additional objective evidence for evaluating the values of scientific output. 2020 Vol. 39 (3): 259-273 [Abstract] ( 270 ) HTML (172 KB)  PDF (3769 KB)  ( 802 )

274 Activity Theory and Its Applications inLibrary and Information Science Hot! Zhou Wenbo DOI: 10.3772/j.issn.1000-0135.2020.03.005 This study aims to introduce an interdisciplinary theory, namely, the activity theory, which has a significant influence on social sciences all over the world since the 1970s, and its applications in the library and information science (LIS) field. Additionally, it demonstrates the effectiveness of the activity theory, as an integrative theory, in analyzing and solving relevant problems of LIS. First, this research elaborates the origin, development, and principles of the activity theory. Then, through the analysis of studies that have applied the activity theory in LIS from dimensions in terms of research fields, research questions, application principles, investigation focus, application mode, and application value, the application status and characteristics of the activity theory in the LIS field are presented. The conclusions demonstrate that, to date, the activity theory has been mainly applied in information literacy, information system design, and human-computer interaction and information behavior. Some principles of the activity theory, such as artifact-mediated, internalization/externalization, activity structure, contradictions, and context focused, have been used in the above-mentioned fields. There are three forms of applications, including identifying contexts based on the conceptual analytical framework, forming an analytical path by applying theoretical elements, and establishing new activity theoretical models based on the original model. Additionally, this research reveals four application values of the activity theory for LIS, namely, providing a common framework, an integrative perspective, and a developmental perspective, and paying attention to the transformation from theory to practice. Thus, it can be confirmed that the activity theory, as an integrative theory, has significant rationality and practicability in relevant problems of LIS. 2020 Vol. 39 (3): 274-283 [Abstract] ( 347 ) HTML (104 KB)  PDF (819 KB)  ( 933 )

284 Measurement and Analysis of Journal Discriminative Capacity Based on Difference Hot! Zhang Baolong, Wang Hao, Deng Sanhong, Su Xinning DOI: 10.3772/j.issn.1000-0135.2020.03.006 Current research on journal evaluation focuses primarily on measurement of influence, reputation, quality, and similar concepts. This paper evaluates journals from a new perspective based on content difference, proposing journal discriminative capacity as an index to measure differences in academic journals content. Twenty core journals for each of the five disciplines, which are library and information science (LIS), aerospace, biology, art and law, were selected as research objects. First, content differences between LIS journals were quantitatively analyzed and evaluated. Trends in LIS journals discriminative capacity over time were then explored. Finally, the characteristics of individual and overall discriminative capacity of journals from different disciplines were analyzed and discussed. The results show that the index is highly effective in measuring differences in journal research content, that journals discriminative capacity shows obvious trends over time, and that individual and overall journal discriminative capacity has significant disciplinary characteristics. 2020 Vol. 39 (3): 284-296 [Abstract] ( 347 ) HTML (158 KB)  PDF (3561 KB)  ( 486 )

297 Research on the Extraction of Synonymous Representation Patterns for Coreference Event Recognition Hot! Wang Junze, Song Xiaojiong, Du Hongtao DOI: 10.3772/j.issn.1000-0135.2020.03.007 In the field of coreference resolution, many studies have focused on the issue of entity coreference resolution, while papers about event coreference resolution are fewer. The flexibility of event representation means that one of the key points of event coreference resolution tasks is constructing a model for computing the similarity between events representation. Similar representations of the same event include not only synonymous representations at a word level but also synonymous representations at a sentence level. In this paper, based on the characteristics of the news corpus, we designed a strategy which can construct a synonym knowledge base automatically, and account for the processing of abbreviations and appositives. Conversely, on the basis of synonym expression patterns at the word level, we also designed a strategy for identifying synonym expression instances at a sentence level so as to extract synonymous representation patterns at this level and eliminate redundant components in patterns. Experiments on real data sets show the effectiveness of the proposed strategy. Based on the extracted synonymous representation pattern pairs at the word and sentence levels, we can effectively improve the effect of event coreference resolution. Our study can be regarded as a supplement to existing research on event coreference resolution. 2020 Vol. 39 (3): 297-307 [Abstract] ( 153 ) HTML (160 KB)  PDF (966 KB)  ( 544 )

308 A Kansei Engineering Integrated Approach for Customer-needs Mining from Online Product Reviews Hot! Jia Danping, Jin Jian, Geng Qian, Deng Siyu DOI: 10.3772/j.issn.1000-0135.2020.03.008 In a fiercely competitive market, companies often have to optimize products and marketing strategies according to customer requirements (CRs). Rapid development of an economy increases the demand for a higher level of product improvement to address customers’ emotional needs. Aside from functional features, products are required to have emotional aesthete designs, making it important to identify emotional CRs. Kansei engineering is a mechanism that connects customer emotions with product features to reveal emotional CRs. Accordingly, the word2vec model and a sliding window technique are used in this study to semi-automatically generate a domain Kansei lexicon and a product feature dictionary. Additionally, a feature-Kansei model is developed to better represent CRs. To evaluate the effectiveness of the proposed model, an empirical case study is conducted using iPhone reviews. Compared with sentiment dictionary-based approaches, the integration of sentiment analysis and Kansei engineering helps to capture emotional CRs from online opinions effectively and provides more critical insights for decision-makers. 2020 Vol. 39 (3): 308-316 [Abstract] ( 240 ) HTML (97 KB)  PDF (1455 KB)  ( 769 )

317 Rethinking the Philosophical Foundation of Information Science Hot! Yang Jianlin DOI: 10.3772/j.issn.1000-0135.2020.03.009 Seeking a philosophical foundation is indispensable to the development of information science. Appropriate philosophical theory can reveal the essence of information and its related concepts, such as data, knowledge, intelligence, and wisdom. In addition, it can provide appropriate tools to explain the essence and process of intelligence, allowing us to clarify specific research fields and issues in information science. Based on analysis of relevant research, this paper rejects the traditional philosophical theory of information science and reexamines the essence of such concepts as data, information, knowledge, wisdom, and computation. It analyses the relationship between information and computation and the progressive or inclusive relationship between data, information, knowledge, wisdom, and intelligence. Analysis of the intelligence process and information exchange clarifies the overall research field and specific issues of information science. The results show that (1) the philosophy of information can serve as a philosophical foundation for information science, but its theoretical system needs further improvement; (2) from a philosophical perspective, information science is a legitimate independent branch of science, with its own unique research field and issues; and (3) information science has developed unique research methods. 2020 Vol. 39 (3): 317-329 [Abstract] ( 262 ) HTML (122 KB)  PDF (1444 KB)  ( 724 )

330 A Survey of Deep Learning Methods for Abstractive Text Summarization Hot! Zhao Hong DOI: 10.3772/j.issn.1000-0135.2020.03.010 Abstractive text summarization (ATS) is a main topic of research in text mining. Compared with extractive text summarization, which extracts shallow meaning from a text, ATS more closely resembles the process of human summarization, giving it important research significance. With the development of deep learning methods and deep neural networks in recent years, remarkable progress in ATS has been made. To gain a more comprehensive understanding of the theory and state of research on ATS, this paper describes the ATS task and combines five deep learning methods to support it, namely recurrent neural networks (RNN), convolutional neural networks (CNN), RNN+CNN, attentional models, and reinforced models. These results show that ATS performance can be improved significantly through deep neural network training, especially after joining attention mechanisms and reinforcement learning. In future development of ATS, in addition to continued application and improvement of deep learning methods themselves, researchers must consider to how to effectively implement ATS with text-level semantic comprehension, ATS of more text categories, and ATS evaluation. Integration of mature traditional research methods to further improve ATS performance is also a valuable direction for future research. 2020 Vol. 39 (3): 330-344 [Abstract] ( 230 ) HTML (222 KB)  PDF (3146 KB)  ( 1417 )