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| Analysis of the Laws of International Authoritative Awards in Main Science and Technology Fields and Their Driving Factors |
| Ren Xiaoya1,2, Zhang Zhiqiang1,2 |
1.Chengdu Library and Information Center, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chengdu 610041
2.Department of Library, Information and Archives Management, School of Economics and Management, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190 |
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Abstract International authoritative awards within Science and Technology (S&T) fields are one of the significant indicators that measure the knowledge innovation level in the fields of science and technology. In order to have an objective and systematic cognition of the overall international awards within S&T fields, we attempt to select the 22 most representative international prizes within the main fields by taking the subject area, year of the award, nationalities and institutions of the winners, award-winning achievements and winners' genealogy, and their publications as research dimensions. This paper principally analyzes the distribution of countries and the fields of the winners starting from the first laureate of that prize. Furthermore, in order to conduct an in-depth discussion of the internal mechanisms, we longitudinally compare the performance of major S&T award-winning countries in other typical scientific and technological indicators. Our results are as follows: (1) Major international S&T prizes are typically distributed to the main science and technology powers (the United States, the United Kingdom, Germany, France, Japan, etc.): the US has won an overwhelming quantity; (2) Compared with the aforementioned countries, China has performed poorly when considering the number of award-winners and award-winning fields; (3) China has made great progress in other representative scientific and technological indicators, but the main award winning countries show a clear lead. Finally, based on the major S&T prizes award mechanism and quantitative results, we put forward specific suggestions for Chinese decision-making and strategic layout of innovative research in related S&T fields.
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Received: 15 April 2019
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