|
|
Data Ethics Framework: International Dialogue and the Path of Localization in China |
Li Zhuozhuo1,2,3, Zhang Chuhui1,2 |
1.Department of Archives and E-Government, School of Social Science, Soochow University, Suzhou 215123 2.Institute of Intelligent Society and Data Governance, Soochow University, Suzhou 215123 3.Center for Chinese Urbanization Studies, Soochow University, Suzhou 215123 |
|
|
Abstract Data ethics frameworks play an important role in improving data governance effectiveness and optimizing data governance models and are an important part of the international data governance system. Europe and the United States have established relatively mature data ethics frameworks. The exploration of their basic structures and deep logic can provide important references for the construction of the Chinese data ethics framework, which is of great significance to the modernization of China’s data governance system. Through literature research and content analysis methods, we compare eight foreign data ethics frameworks; investigate the common framework, structure, and operation mode of foreign data ethics; and draw on the model and practical experience of foreign data ethics frameworks to conduct an exploratory study on the participation of China’s data ethics framework in international data ethics dialogues and the path of Chinese construction. The data ethics framework in foreign countries is relatively stable and regular, and it establishes a logical framework of data ethics supported by laws and regulations, with basic principles as the core and action plans as the guidelines, forming an ethics-centered operation mechanism that integrates “laws and regulations, ethical framework, and ethical instructions.”
|
Received: 10 July 2023
|
|
|
|
1 Hand D J. Aspects of data ethics in a changing world: where are we now?[J]. Big Data, 2018, 6(3): 176-190. 2 Marcovitch I, Rancourt E. A data ethics framework for responsible responsive organizations in the digital world[J]. Statistical Journal of the IAOS, 2022, 38(4): 1161-1172. 3 Daten Ethik Komission. Opinion of the data ethics commission[R/OL]. [2023-04-12]. https://www.bmi.bund.de/SharedDocs/downloads/EN/themen/it-digital-policy/datenethikkommission-abschlussgutachten-lang.pdf;jsessionid=D270BB187C0DD6B34B7955AEB31CAAD5.live891?__blob=publicationFile&v=5. 4 UK Government. Data ethics framework[EB/OL]. (2020-09-16) [2023-04-12]. http://www.gov.uk/government/publications/data-ethics-framework. 5 US Government. Federal data strategy: data ethics framework[R/OL]. [2023-04-12]. https://resources.data.gov/assets/documents/fds-data-ethics-framework.pdf. 6 Morley J, Floridi L, Kinsey L, et al. From what to how: an initial review of publicly available AI ethics tools, methods and research to translate principles into practices[J]. Science and Engineering Ethics, 2020, 26(4): 2141-2168. 7 H?u?ler H. The underlying values of data ethics frameworks: a critical analysis of discourses and power structures[J]. Libri, 2021, 71(4): 307-319. 8 Franzke A S, Muis I, Sch?fer M T. Data Ethics Decision Aid (DEDA): a dialogical framework for ethical inquiry of AI and data projects in the Netherlands[J]. Ethics and Information Technology, 2021, 23(3): 551-567. 9 European Data Protection Supervisor. The EDPS ethics framework[EB/OL]. (2019-11-12) [2023-04-12]. https://edps.europa.eu/data-protection/our-work/publications/other-documents/edps-ethics-framework_en. 10 OECD. Good practice principles for data ethics in the public sector[R/OL]. [2024-02-12]. https://web-archive.oecd.org/2021-03-26/583397-good-practice-principles-for-data-ethics-in-the-public-sector.pdf. 11 DataEthics.eu. Data ethics principles[EB/OL]. (2017-12-29) [2023-04-12]. https://dataethics.eu/data-ethics-principles/. 12 陈一, 李斯, 孙异凡. 微博数据研究的伦理反思[J]. 情报资料工作, 2021, 42(1): 50-56. 13 Montague E, Day T E, Barry D, et al. The case for information fiduciaries: the implementation of a data ethics checklist at Seattle Children’s Hospital[J]. Journal of the American Medical Informatics Association, 2021, 28(3): 650-652. 14 刘金亚, 顾立平, 张潇月, 等. 开放科研数据环境下科研人员的数据伦理框架研究[J]. 情报理论与实践, 2021, 44(2): 83-89. 15 刘静羽, 贾毓洁, 黄金霞, 等. 开放科学创新生态构建中的数据处理伦理准则框架研究[J]. 农业图书情报学报, 2022, 34(9): 29-43. 16 Drew C. Design for data ethics: using service design approaches to operationalize ethical principles on four projects[J]. Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society A: Mathematical, Physical and Engineering Sciences, 2018, 376(2128): 20170353. 17 Atenas J, Havemann L, Timmermann C. Critical literacies for a datafied society: academic development and curriculum design in higher education[J]. Research in Learning Technology, 2020, 28: 2486. 18 Atenas J, Havemann L, Timmermann C. Reframing data ethics in research methods education: a pathway to critical data literacy[J]. International Journal of Educational Technology in Higher Education, 2023, 20(1): 11. 19 Tang X F, Mendieta E, Litzinger T A. Developing an online data ethics module informed by an ecology of data perspective[J]. Science and Engineering Ethics, 2022, 28(2): Article No.21. 20 Swiss Personalized Health Network. Ethical framework for responsible data processing in personalized health research[R/OL]. (2018-05-07) [2023-04-12]. https://sphn.ch/wp-content/uploads/2019/11/Ethical_Framework_20180507_SPHN.pdf. 21 Australian Government. Australia's AI ethics principles[EB/OL]. (2019-11-04) [2023-04-12]. https://www.industry.gov.au/publications/australias-artificial-intelligence-ethics-framework/australias-ai-ethics-principles. 22 Scottish Government. An ethics framework for the data and intelligence network[R/OL]. (2021-09-16) [2023-04-12]. https://www.gov.scot/binaries/content/documents/govscot/publications/factsheet/2021/09/ethics-framework-data-intelligence-network/documents/ethics-framework-data-intelligence-network/ethics-framework-data-intelligence-network/govscot%3Adocument/ethics-framework-data-intelligence-network.pdf. 23 Floridi L, Taddeo M. What is data ethics?[J]. Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society A: Mathematical, Physical and Engineering Sciences, 2016, 374(2083): 20160360. 24 European Union. General data protection regulation[EB/OL]. [2023-04-12]. https://gdpr-info.eu. 25 颜世健. 数据伦理视角下的数据隐私与数据管理[J]. 新闻爱好者, 2019(8): 36-38. 26 刘百灵, 万璐璐, 李延晖. 网络环境下基于隐私政策的隐私保护研究综述[J]. 情报理论与实践, 2016, 39(9): 134-139. 27 张健. 《数据安全法》视域下智慧图书馆伦理规范问题研究[J]. 图书馆, 2021(12): 47-51. 28 UNESCO. Report of the social and human sciences commission (SHS)[EB/OL]. (2021-11-22) [2023-04-12]. https://unesdoc.unesco.org/ark:/48223/pf0000379920.page=14,2022-07-24. 29 中共中央办公厅 国务院办公厅印发《关于加强科技伦理治理的意见》[EB/OL]. (2022-03-20) [2023-04-12]. https://www.gov.cn/zhengce/2022-03/20/content_5680105.htm. 30 中华人民共和国生物安全法[EB/OL]. (2020-10-17) [2023-04-12]. http://www.npc.gov.cn/npc/c2/c30834/202010/t20201017_308282.html. 31 马海群, 蔡庆平, 崔文波, 等. 美国数据与算法安全治理: 进路、特征与启示[J]. 信息资源管理学报, 2023, 13(1): 52-64. 32 ISO. ISO/TS 17033:2019(en) Ethical claims and supporting information—principles and requirements[S/OL]. [2023-05-05]. https://www.iso.org/obp/ui/#iso:std:iso:ts:17033:ed-1:v1:en. 33 ISO. ISO/TC 309 Governance of organizations[EB/OL]. [2023-05-05]. https://committee.iso.org/ISO_37000_Governance. 34 European Commission. Ethics and data protection[R/OL]. (2018-11-14) [2023-04-20]. https://ec.europa.eu/research/participants/data/ref/h2020/grants_manual/hi/ethics/h2020_hi_ethics-data-protection_en.pdf. |
|
|
|